Bun-yu-kai
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Excavation surveys have shown that “gardens” were being created in Japan since over 1,200 years ago. When the capital was relocated to Kyoto, the technique of Japanese gardening was also established. The natural environment of Kyoto produced many materials necessary for gardens such as garden stones, garden trees, sand, and hanging lanterns, and gardening was refined and developed throughout Kyoto’s 1,000 years history as the capital. Although currently facing many issues such as finding successors for the techniques of landscape gardening, efforts are continuing to eternally pass on the highly noble art of gardening to future generations.
Masonry technology developed in Japan in the Tumulus period when stone huts and stone coffins began to be used in tombs. When Buddhist architecture was introduced, stones began to be used in foundation stones for placing pillars, stone pagodas, stone statues, hanging lanterns, and foundation platforms. Foundation platforms are bases upon which to build structures, made by amassing substances like clay inside before covering the sides in stone and then placing stones or tiles on the top surface.
This functions to support the weight of the roof top of pillars to achieve deep eaves. By alternating between the square bearing block (the dice-shaped part) and brackets weight load is distributed. A building technique that was imported with Buddhism, it not only supports structures but also makes the edges of the eaves look beautiful.
Temporary roofing constructed to protect from wind and rain during repairs on a structure. The framework uses logs and metal. The logs are bound together using rope and wire.
One of the techniques imported with Buddhism. Used in Buddhist structures, it later came into general use.
Roof tiles were imported from China with temple construction. In temple construction concave and flat tiles are alternated to protect the roof from wind and rain. Their weight can be 200kg per square meter.
A general term for roofs thatched with pampas grass, reeds, straw, bamboo grass and other grass. They require replacement every 20 years and come with many issues such as difficulty of obtaining workers and materials, so the technique is being lost.
Roofs mainly used for shrine and temple construction. Wood shavings are laid onto a board. There are several different types of board with different sizes and thicknesses.
Walls painted in the order of first coat, rough coat, middle coat, outer coat, and final coat. White plaster walls are frequently used in castle construction, and as the tea ceremony spread simple wall colors came to be devised. Currently, however, changes in construction technology have endangered the succession of plastering techniques.
Tatami mats such as modern ones are said to have come into use around the Heian period (794-1192). They were only used in houses of the time for places where people would sit. Who could use tatami mats and where was determined by their thickness, their edge patterns, and their colors.
The photo shows a tatami mat with an ungen-beri edge placed in front of the Emperor's throne and newspaper.
Space surrounded by walls of fire-proof structure installed to protect cultural assets.
Used to extinguish fire and prevent its spread. When installed outside, they are designed to avoid negatively impacting the scenery.
Protect structures from thunderstorm. The prevent lightning or lead its large electric current directly to the ground. In the past, a large lightning rods were used, but currently small rods are placed on the edges of buildings and the entire buildings are starting to be covered by lightning nets made of a conductive netting.
An adornment which shrinks down the size of a Buddhist
temple with a Buddhist image or vertical scroll enshrined.
Mounting, also called surfacing, is industrial arts work creating hanging scrolls, pictures, scrolls, folding screens, sliding screens, etc. In Kyoto, which was the center of art and religion from long ago, there is high demand for mounting, and the technique is also sound. Many cultural assets are frequently restored in Kyoto, earning it a strong reputation.
Used to decorate and reinforce a structure.
Creates a print from a to-scale photographic negative to express colors, shades, etc. This enables the reproduction of fine colors, allowing the creation of duplicates extremely close to the originals.
